(by Angeles Lopez for elmundosalud.com)
Autism is not the same as Asperger syndrome. In the first, all changes are evident in the first three years of life. In aspergerianos no evidence of cognitive delay and the vast majority have an intellectual capacity above normal.
Autistics have delayed the second language instead have a vocabulary
surprising because it is 'pedantic' or too religious, is also closely related to the item they are interested. In contrast, not all limitations are for the autistic and clumsiness that seems to be characteristic only of Asperger syndrome, although there is no scholarly consensus on this feature and also the variability of the disturbances affected very high. The
aspergerianos usually have a good rote memory, especially what motivates them most, whether dinosaur species, type of aircraft, etc. Although they are very capable for storing many details, the main problem is to integrate this information.
The diagnosis of Asperger syndrome is difficult and often takes place in adolescence or later, although many parents are beginning to sense that your child is different when it is between two and seven years. The main features are abnormal social development (they have very few friends or none), use of foreign language (inventing words, repeat phrases or learn to read for themselves) and the presence of routines and rituals (always eating the same dish or interest in a topic so exorbitant).
According to M ª Jesús Mardomingo, head of the Department of Child Psychiatry, Hospital Gregorio Maranon de Madrid, "still do not know the exact reasons that cause this disorder." However, we do know some of the factors involved in autism, which are similar in Asperger syndrome, which include genetic alterations (that is four times more common in males), and intrauterine factors such as birth anoxia, lack of oxygen, leading to abnormal neurological development. Brain structures damaged, according to this psychiatrist, is the cortex, amygdala and hippocampus, are important areas for learning and emotions.
"There is clearly a neurobiological basis," says Mercedes Belinchón, professor of psychology at the UAM, which explains that these causes may be very different in nature, and in many cases there is no identified source. What we do is shown is that its origin is not sociological. Infections during pregnancy may cause these disorders, but the psychologist insists that "there is no single cause but many."
no clear studies on the incidence of these disorders, some say that the number of people affected by autism is one in every 15,000 individuals, even when talking about the 'autistic spectrum', less severe disorders, the frequency increases one per 1,000 and decreases to one in 100 when talking about mild forms of autism. As Asperger syndrome, which is less research, it seems that usually occurs in one out of every 300 that is at least two to three times more common than autism children, although experts say absolutely not because of the variety of data.
Source: http://www.asperger.org.ar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=57&Itemid=29
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